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-Programming and iterative,evolutionary development -creativity and change during implementation -Implementation in an object oriented language requires writing source code for Class and interface definitions,method definitions
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A reference attribute is an attribute that refers to another complex object, not to a primitive type such as a String, Number, and so on. The reference attributes of a class are suggested by the associations and navigability in a class diagram.
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In OO programming languages, these relationships are often implemented with the introduction of a intermediate container or collection.
The one-side class defines a reference attribute pointing to a For example, the Java libraries contain collection classes container/collection instance, which contains instances of the such as ArrayList and HashMap, which implement the List many-side class. and Map interfaces, respectively.
Using ArrayList, the Sale class can define an attribute that maintains an ordered list ofSalesLineltem instances.
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Order of Implementation
Classes need to be implemented (and ideally, fully unit tested) from least-coupled to mostcoupled .
For example, possible first classes to implement are either Payment or ProductSpecification; next are classes only dependent on the prior implementations ProductCatalog or SalesLineltem.
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Provable verification
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