Mega Bagus Herlambang, ST, MT

What is Industrial Engineering ?

Industrial Engineering is concerned with the Design, Improvement, and Installation of Integrated Systems of People, Material, Information, Equipment, and Energy. It draws upon specialized knowledge and skill in the mathematical, physical, and social sciences together with the principles and methods of engineering analysis and design to specify, predict, and evaluate the results to be obtained from such system (American Institute of Industrial Engineers).

What is integrated system ?

Environment
Material Man Input Equip ment Information Energy Output

Boundary

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More details..

Fit the task to the human !!

*Ambient : surrounding

What is ergonomics ?
Branch of science that applies what is known about human behavior, mental processes, and anatomy and physiology to the design, development, and evaluation of work methods, environments, technologies, and systems
Discipline that studies human capabilities and

performance capacities and applies this information in designing consumer products, tools, and equipment

Common definition
Ergonomics is essentially fitting the workplace to the worker. The better the fit, the higher the level of safety and worker efficiency. Fitting the
Task to the Human ~ Grandjean, 1990

Ergonomics removes barriers to quality, productivity and human performance by fitting products, tasks, and environments to people.
ErgoWeb.com

 Greek words: Ergon : work

Nomos : principle or laws

Ergonomics = The Science of Work

In the literature: in 1840s by Wojciech Jastrzebowski (a Polish educator and scientist) In 1949 by K.F.H. Murrel (a British scientist)
Other terms: Human Factors, Human Engineering, Engineering Psychology

History
Can be traced back to the late 1800s/early 1900s and

Frank and Lillian Gilbrethmotion and time studies, investigated performance, fatigue, workstation design, tool design Formal birth in WWII: significant number of pilot accidents due to human error 1950s regulations began to be developed in USA 1957first professional society was created (HFES) Number of tragedies in semi-recent years: 3-mile Island, Chernobyl, dramatic increase in the number of reported occupational injuries illnesses, and deaths OSHA is developed Computer age

Origins, developments, and applications

ERGONOMICS Anatomy Orthopedics Physiology Medicine Psychology Sociology Anthropometri Biomechanics Work Physiology Industrial Hygiene Management Labor relations Industrial engineering Bioengineering System engineering Safety engineering Military engineering Computer-aided design

HUMAN FACTORS
Kroemer et al. (2001) p.7

Ergonomics in Design of Systems

Human
Task HFE Environment
HFE : Human Factors Engineering

Goal of Ergonomics
Minimize the mis-match between human capabilities

and task requirements

What is the optimal scenario?

Blue = human capabilities gray = job demands

Objectives of HFE
Improve human performance Improve Safety Reduce the need for training Improve user satisfaction

Components of Ergonomics
IE Work Methods Plant Layout Work Flow

Psychology
Anthropometry

Biomechanics

Physiology

Ergonomics
Methods Analysis Techniques Workplace Design Techniques Machine and Equipment Design Tool Design Techniques Operator Assignments and Job Design

Why Ergonomics?
Increased Productivity
improved work methods increased efficiency better tools less stress and fatigue fewer errors

Money
decreased medical costs
increased productivity decreased workmans

Quality of Work Life

compensation costs fewer lost work day cases (light duty days)

fewer injuries less fatigue and stress improved employee morale

Current Topics
Occupational Injuries and Illnesses
CTDs (cumulative trauma disorders), slips/trips/falls,

deaths,

Sources of Operator Discomfort/Fatigue Design for Special Populations HCI (human comuter interaction) Individual Differences User-centered Design Production Ergonomics Human Error Others