4G technology

By- SIBENDU MANDAL ECE 8TH SEM ROLL NO-08182003044

Contents
History 3G and Its Limitations 4G Concept Feature of 4G Technology Key of 4G Technologies Architecture of 4G Technology Benefits Applications Limitations of 4G Conclusion

Mobile System Generations

First Generation (1G) mobile systems were designed to offer a single service, i.e., speech.

Second Generation (2G) mobile systems were also designed primarily to offer speech with a limited capability to offer data at low rates.
Third Generation (3G) mobile systems are expected to offer high-quality multi-media services and operate in different environments.

Limitations of 3G
Difficulty of CDMA to provide higher data rates Need for continuously increasing data rate and bandwidth to meet the multimedia requirements Limitation of spectrum and its allocation Inability to roam between different services To provide a seamless transport end-to-end Mechanism To introduce a better system with reduces cost

4G Concept
The user has freedom and flexibility to select any desired service with reasonable QOS and affordable price, anytime, anywhere.

History of 4G technology

Evolution of the Mobile Communications Systems

What is 4G?
Abbreviation of fourth generation wireless technology

It will provide a comprehensive IP solution where voice , data and multimedia can be given to user on an anytime , anywhere basis.
It includes several types of broadband wireless communication system access including cellular telephone system.

Why 4G is required?
Due to substantial growth in overall number of subscribers.

Due to massive demand of new services like data,audio,image or video.

Next Generation will also have specifically needs to resolve its own multiple issues

Heterogeneous networks Access, handover Location coordination, resource coordination Adding new users Support for multicasting QoS, wireless security and authentication Network failure backup Pricing and billing

Heterogeneous Networks

Features of 4G TECHNOLOGY
Support for multimedia services like teleconferencing and wireless internet. Wider bandwidths and higher bitrates. Entirely packet-switched network. Global mobility and service portability. Support for previous wireless technologies. High internet speed. Tight network security.

Design Objectives

Technology used in 4G
OFDM (Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing) UWB (Ultra wide band) IPv6 (Internet Protocol Version 6 ) QOS (Quality of service) SDR (Software defined ratio) MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output ) LTE (Long Term Evolution) WiMAX Smart antennas

4G Transmission system

4G network

The OSI Model of 4G

Wireless evolution to 4G mobile based on Open Wireless Architecture(OWA)

Benefits
Convergence of Cellular Mobile Networks and WLANs Benefits for Operators Higher bandwidths, Lower cost of networks and equipment, The use of license-exempt spectrum, Higher capacity and QoS enhancement, higher revenue. Users Access to broadband multimedia services with lower cost and here mostly needed, Inter-network roaming. Convergence of Mobile Communication and Broadcasting Benefits for Operators Cellular operators will benefit from offering their customers a range of new broadband multi-media services in vehicular environments. Users Users will benefit from faster access to a range of broadband multimedia services with reasonable QoS and lower cost.

Evolution of the mobile chain toward 4G

Application
Virtual Presence, In traffic control Virtual Navigation Tele-reprocessing applications Tele-Medicine and Education Crisis Management

Multimedia video services

Limitations
Interoperability between the signaling techniques that are planned for use in 4G. Cost is another factor that could hamper the progress of 4G technology. The equipment required to implement the nextgeneration network are still very expensive. A Key challenge facing deployment of 4G technologies is how to make the network architectures compatible with each other. This was one of the unmet goals of 3G. As regards the operating area, rural areas and many buildings in metropolitan areas are not being served well by existing wireless networks.

Conclusion
As the history of mobile communications shows attempts have been made to reduce a number of technologies to a single global standard. 4G seems to be a very promising generation of wireless communication that will change the peoples life in the wireless world. 4G is already launched. and the world is looking forward for the most intelligent technology that would connect the entire globe.

References

www.google.com www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/4G www.4g.co.uk www.uscwc.com/4GReport www.four-g.net ^ ITU global standard for international mobile telecommunications IMT-Advanced, Circular letter, ITU-R March 2008. ^ a b "ITU World Radiocommunication Seminar highlights future communication technologies". International Telecommunication Union. ^ http://www.engadget.com/2011/11/08/atandt-commits-to-lte-advanced-deployment-in-2013hesse-and-mead/ ^ 62 commercial networks support DC-HSPA+, drives HSPA investments LteWorld Feb 07, 2012 ^ a b Vilches, J. (2010, April 29). Everything you need to know about 4G Wireless Technology. TechSpot. ^ a b c ITU-R, Report M.2134, Requirements related to technical performance for IMT-Advanced radio

Thank you