REPORTING

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 A. General anesthesia - total loss of

consciousness, and sensation , produces amnesi: iv inhalation and rectal.

B. Regional anesthesia reduces all painful

sensation in one region of the body without inducing unconsciousness.

Types of anesthesia :
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Stages of anesthesia :
1. ONSET / INDUCTION extends from the

administration of anesthesia to the time of loss of consciousness.

2. EXCITEMENT / DELIRIUM extends from the

time of loss of consciousness to the time of lid reflex. It may be characterized by shouting, struggling of the patient.

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3. SURGICAL extends from the loss of the lid

reflex to the lost of most of the reflexes, surgical procedure is started.

4. MEDULLARY /STAGE OF DANGER

respiratory/ cardiac depression or arrest. It is due to anesthesia overdose. CPR must be done.

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Positions during Surgery:

1. Dorsal recumbent (Supine)
(Abdominal surgery ex. Colostomy & herniorrhaphy,Thorocic surgery (open heart surgery) Extremitites.)
Ensure that knees are not flexed- to avoid compressing of

blood vessels & sluggish circulation.

Use trochanter rolls or other padding to avoid internal or

external rotation of the hips and shoulders.

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2. Semisitting position- Thyroid and neck areas.

Assess hypotension; ensure that knees are not sharply flexed. Use soft padding to prevent nerve compression.

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3. Prone position- spinal fusion and removal of hemorrhoids.

To promote optimum respiratory function, raise the clients chest and abdomen and support and padding

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4. Lithotomy position- gynecologic, perineal, or rectal surgeries. Monitor respirations and assess for hypoxia and dyspnea. To avoid injury- ensure adequate padding and manipulate both legs into the stirrups simultaneously.

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5. Jacknife position proctologic surgery (removal of hemorrhoids), Spinal surgery.

Cause 12% decrease in vital capacity of the lungs. Monitor RR, assess for hypoxia and dyspnea.

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Categories of Surgery According to Urgency:

1. - This is to save life and limb. Is done within 24-48. (I.E. Accidents, Gun Shot Wounds, Stab Wounds)

Emergent

2. There is an urgency to perform the procedure. It has to be done immediately. (I.E. Bleeding)

Urgent -

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3.Elective: a.) Optional. - In an optional surgery, it is not necessarily forced or needed. (I.E. Cosmetic Surgery) b.) Planned/Required. - A planned or required surgery is needed to be done but not immediately. (I.E. Non Bleeding Hemorrhoids)
4. On the Day Surgery Out Patient Department (OPD); it does not require admission.
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