Final Presentation On Training at Nokia Siemens Network

Submitted in the partial fulfillment of the requirements For the degree of Bachelors of technology

Guided By: Mr.D.K Kothari Associate Professor

6/5/2012

Presented By: Hitesh Sharma 05BEC107

Base Station Subsystem

BSS Includes Mobile Device BTS (Base Transceiver Station) BSC (Base Station Controller) Transcoder

BTS Construction

BTS with 12 TRX and supporting equipments for its optimum performance.

UltraSite BTS
KEY: 1 Transceiver unit 2 2-way Receiver Multicoupler unit 3 Transceiver Baseband unit 4 Base Operations and Interfaces unit 5 Transmission unit 6 Wideband Combiner unit 7 Dual Variable Gain Duplex Filter unit 8 DC/DC Power Supply unit 9 6-way Receiver Multicoupler unit 10 Remote Tune Combiner unit 11 AC/DC Power Supply unit 12 Bias Tee unit 13 Dual Band Diplex Filter unit

1. Transceiver Unit

The TSxx unit of the Nokia UltraSite EDGE BTS performs RF modulation/demodulation and amplification for one RF carrier

2.Multicoupler

Multicoupler is a passive unit. The unit divide Received (RX) and DiversityReceived (DRX) signals and distribute them to the Transceiver (TSxx) units.

3. Baseband Card

The BB2x unit is a digital signal processing. The BB2x also controls frequency hopping. Uses software downloaded from the Base Operations and Interfaces

4.Base operations and Interface unit (BOIA)

Configuration Operations and Maintenance (O&M) functions Software downloads Main clock functions Collection and management of external and internal alarms

5.Transmission Card

It deals with framing and deframing of E1 and cross connections

6.Wideband Combiner

The WCxx unit combines transmit (TX) signals from two transceiver (TSxx) units and feeds the combined signal to the TX port of the Dual Variable Gain Duplex Filter (DVxx) unit.

7.Dual Variable Gain Duplex Filter

The DVxx performs the following primary functions: combines transmitted and received signals into one antenna amplifies received signals with a variable-gain Low Noise Amplifier (LNA)

Uplink Call Flow

Mobile Unit GSM Antenna Duplexer Multicoupler

TRx

BSC

Microwave Antenna

Transmission Unit

BB2F

6/5/2012

12

Downlink Call Flow

Microwave Antenna BB2F

TRx

Mobile Station

GSM Antenna

Duplexer

Combiner

6/5/2012

13

Practical Activities
In Building Solution. TRx addition and deletion. Changing Sinner TRxs by Frisco TRx. Antenna Down tilting. Traffic allocation using BTS manager software. Alarm monitoring using Reflection Router. MapInfo Software. Net Monitor. Drive Test.

In Building Solution
It is a process, where in we radiate adequate Mobile signals of one particular Network operator in that entire building. Offices/industries. Airports and bus/train stations. Conference and exhibition centers. Hospitals. Hotels. Shopping malls.

The repeater system is a two-way amplifier that provides booster performance to extend the coverage of radio communications in buildings, basements and other RF shadow areas. The Repeater receives signals from one antenna, amplifies them and transmits through the other antenna.

Power Calculation
+43dbm :ultra site power -5dbm :cable loss -1dbm :connector loss +18dbm:GSM antenna gain **************** +55dbm:EIRP {Equivalent isotropically radiated power } **************** -115dbm: Path loss -8dbm:Multipath Fading loss +12dbm:Gain of Yagi Antenna -5dbm:Rf cable loss -1dbm:Connector loss +90dbm:Repeater Gain -1dbm: Repeater Connector loss -5dbm:Repeater cable loss +6dbm :Panel Gain -80dbm:Free space loss **************************************** -52dbm: Repeater o/p power in room ****************************************

TRx addition and deletion

One TRx supports 8 users at a time to operate And a BTS supports maximum 12 TRxs. If number of users are less than we dont utilize the full capacity of the BTS. But if number of users increase then we have to make changes in the configuration. And we have to add TRxs.

 For that first of all we have to make addition logically from the NMS server. Then we have to allocate the traffic to that TRx. After that we have to go to that site and then physically add a new TRx and its physical connections to be made. After that we have locally login in that site and then unlock that TRx. Now if its LED is orange that shows its working. If LED is green then that shows calls are going on that TRx.

 And if the LED is red that it shows the faulty condition of TRx. We have to delete it and add a new TRx. Now in Deletion first we have to lock that TRx before removing it physically. By locking that TRx the calls going on that TRx will be transferred to another TRx and no any new calls will arrive on that TRx. Now it is to be physically removed and new TRx to be added.

Sinner to Frisco
These are TRx types defined by its power level. In Frisco TRx if call is not going on that TRx then it will make power level of that TRx less. In Sinner TRx it will maintain its power level though the call is not going on. So Frisco TRx are to be used to save the power consumption in idle condition. But the TRx which contains the BCCH should be Sinner because if the power Level of BCCH goes down then it create coverage problems.

 In a sector of a Site there are four TRx as there are three sectors at a site of 12 TRxs. On one TRx out of that four will have the BCCH. So we have to put a Sinner TRx which contain BCCH and all the three TRx which carry only traffic should be Frisco.

Nokia BTS manger software

This software helps us to access a particular site whose site ID is known. It shows current internal structure of a specific site. BTS manager is a tool which is used for remote login. It shows the hardware status and configuration.

TRAFFIC MANAGER
The traffic manager gives us the information about the traffic condition of a particular BTS. This E1 is having 2.048 Mbps total space. There are 32 slots or channels in each E1s. Each is further divided into 4 time slots. Each time slot is of 16kbps.

Channel 0: It always dedicated to BCH signalling.

Channel 1 to 21: These channels are assigned to TCH . On TCH the voice call take place. 2 channels are given to one TRX.

Channel 27 to 31(except 2nd slot of channel 31): These all slots are assigned to TRX signaling. The signaling if TRX is necessary for synchronization.

Channel 31 and time-slot 2: This time a lot is always assigned to OMU signaling. OMU(Operation Maintenance Unit) is the heart of a BTS. OMU is the intelligent pare of a BTS. The instruction regarding to any BTS is given to that BTS through OMU signaling. If the OMU signaling is not proper then the site will not work properly.

Channel 22 to 26: The remaining time slots are assigned to EDAP. EDAP is for the data transmission for GPRS usage of MS (Mobile station). Data packets are handled by these time-slots.

Map Info
It is a software which is used to determine various parameter of a network. It is also used in frequency planning. It is also used to determine physical location of each cell and frequency used in each cell. It is also used to show orientation of each sector. Any position can be mapped into this.

Net Monitor
Net monitor is a software tool which is present in mobile itself. Net monitor is used to find certain parameters related to received signal and cell.

Drive Test
For drive testing, a test mobile is used. This test mobile keeps on making calls in a moving vehicle that goes around in the various parts of the network. Based on the parameters, the quality of the network can then be analyzed.

Benchmarking
In benchmarking, the performance of different operators is compared. The relevant software will store all the data related to the drive test such as the path followed, the number of dropped calls, the average signal strength, average quality etc for all the MSs of different operators

NEIGHBORING CHANNEL SIGNAL LEVELS

SNAP SHOT OF VOICE QUALITY

Thank You!!