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Objectives, Tools for deflection & orientation. Directional well profiles and well path deflection & corrections
Objectives
Vertical Vs Deviation True vertical: Possible ? Allow Controllable deviation 1930 California under Pacific Ocean
Conventional Drilling
objections
Full assembly is rotated No steering Power required at the end No vision possible Time lag in event NPT high tripping required Vertical access
Relief wells
Inaccessible location
Inclination Plane
Depth Reference
Mean sea Level, MSL Rotary table elevation, RTE or DFE (Derrick Floor ..) 20 well housing Depth : Along hole depth, AHD True vertical depth, TVD AHD>TVD always
Geographical Reference
3D (TVD, LD, ) Lateral displacement from north Or latitude and longitude
Non-Vertical Wellbore
tion clina Y In e Plan
, or I
Inclination Angle, drift or tangent Z Axis (True Vertical Depth) North Direction , Angle
or A
Direction Plane X
Lease Boundary Surface Location for Well No. 2 Surface Location for Well No. 1
Oil-Water Contact
Figure 8.2 - Plan view of a typical oil and gas structure under a lake showing how directional wells could be used to develop it. Best locations? Drill from lake?
Top View
Figure 8.4 - Developing a field under a city using directionally drilled wells.
Fig. 8.5 - Drilling of directional wells where the reservoir is beneath a major surface obstruction.
Cement Plug
Fish Lost in Hole and Unable to Recover Sidetracked Hole Around Fish
Figure 8.7 Using an old well to explore for new oil by sidetracking out of the casing and drilling directionally.
Oil Producing Well Ready to Abandon Sidetracked Out of Casing Possible New Oil Old Oil Reservoir
Type II
Build-hold and Drop (S Type)
Prepare a planning procedure for the build and hold trajectory using following Data: KOP (BRT) 610 m TVD of target (BRT) 3048 m Horizontal displacement of target 915 m Build-up rate 20/30.48 m Solution: Point B is KOP at 610 m
x = 0.98
Deflection Tools
Main Principle Bit tilt angle into the axis of the BHA Side force to the bit Major tools Bent sub & + ve displacement Non-rotating steerable drilling systems Rotary steering system Directional bottom hole assemblies Whipstocks
Universal Joint
Tool face
http://www.icdp-online.de/sites/sanandreas/news/news1.html
Turbo drills
Allow azimuth and /or inclination Geo steering Theoretical geometric dogleg severity TGDS
100.Tilt .angle L1 + L2 2
Jet deflection
Catenary
The equation (up to translation and rotation) of a catenary in Cartesian coordinates has the form
Y=acosh (x/a)=a/2(ex/a+e-x/a)
where cosh is the hyperbolic cosine function. The scaling factor a can be interpreted as the ratio between the horizontal component of the tension on the chain (a constant) and the weight of the chain per unit of length