Professional Documents
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PS/2 - connects keyboard and mouse USB connects many devices (PnP) Serial connects modems/printers Parallel connects printer VGA connects monitors RJ11 connects phone lines RJ45 connects to the network
Network Topologies
Physical topology
created to record where each host is on the network shows how each host is connected (media, devices, etc)
Network Topologies
Logical topology
how the host uses the network host names, addresses, groups, applications
Communication Protocols
Message Patterns Unicast single destination Multicast same message to a group Broadcast all hosts need to receive the message
Smaller, more manageable groups allow traffic to remain local on the networks Divided into three layers
Access Layer
connection to the hosts
Distribution Layer
interconnects smaller networks
Core Layer
high speed connection between distribution devices
Accepts data signal from one port and sends it (regenerates) out all ports
multiport repeater
Collisions
results in message being garbled and unreadable occur when two or more hosts send a message at the same time (undesirable in a network)
Collision Domains
each port on a switch is its own collision domain 8 port switch = 8 collision domains
Broadcasts
If there is only one destination MAC in a message, how can you contact everyone else?
send a broadcast MAC hexidecimal digits FFFF.FFFF.FFFF
Useful when hosts need to send information but dont know what hosts are to receive it Switches and hubs send the broadcast out to everyone on their network. (Broadcast Domain)
ARP Request
Sent when the sending host knows the destination IP, but not the MAC Will discover the MAC address of any local host on the network
Default Gateway
Used when a host wants to send data to a host on a different network. Must be set on the workstation connected to the routing device the router interface connected to the PC
Types of Routing
Dynamic
information is obtained from neighboring routers
Static
manually entered by the network administrator
Physical configuration
location of devices how are devices connected location/length of cable runs hardware configurations (hosts, servers) size of broadcast & collision domains IP addressing scheme Naming Permissions Sharing
Logical configuration
Multifunction Devices
Integrated routers
Linksys wireless router problem = single point of failure
Sharing Resources
Main reason for networking sharing resources
File sharing Print sharing
Windows XP users
use Simple File Sharing
Explain the purpose of a logical network address as the location of a host on a Network (source and destination)
Describe the Purpose of the Access Layer and how it is used within an Ethernet Network
The Internet Cloud Identify and describe the concept of the Internet cloud.