VOICE OVER INTERNET PROTOCOL

PRESENTED BY Navneet Saraff & Ritvik Shah

OVERVIEW VoIP is Voice over Internet Protocol (IP) based network Voice over Internet Protocol, VoIP describes the category of hardware and software that enables people to make telephone calls via the Internet. Voice signals are converted to packets of data, which are transmitted on shared, public lines, hence avoiding the tolls of the traditional, public-switched telephone network (PSTN).

OVERVIEW (CONT.)

VoIP uses the Internet Protocol (IP) to transmit voice as packets over an IP network. VOIP can be achieved on any data network that uses IP, like the Internet, Intranets and Local Area Networks (LAN). The voice signal is digitized, compressed and converted to IP packets and then transmitted over the IP network.

OVERVIEW (CONT.)
VoIP services need only a regular phone connection, while others allow you to make telephone calls using an Internet connection instead.

PC Configuration for VoIP

WHAT IT DOES?

VoIP can allow you to make a call directly from a computer, a special VoIP phone, or a traditional phone using an adapter to another VoIP phone or regular phone.

TRANSMISSION OF VOICE USING IP NETWORKS

Step 1: Because all transmissions must be digital, the callers voice is digitized. Step 2: Next using complex algorithms the digital voice is compressed and then Separated into packets; and using the Internet protocol, the packets are addressed and sends across the network to be reassembled in the proper order at the destination.

TRANSMISSION OF VOICE USING IP NETWORKS (CONT.)

Step 3: During transmission on the Internet, packets may be lost or delayed, or errors may damage the packets. Conventional error correction techniques would request retransmission of unusable or lost packets, but if the transmission is a real-time voice communication that technique obviously would not work, so sophisticated error detection and correction systems are used to create sound to fill in the gaps.

TRANSMISSION OF VOICE USING IP NETWORKS (CONT.)

Step 4: After the packets are transmitted and arrive at the destination, the transmission is assembled and decompressed to restore the data to an approximation of the original form.

INTERNET TELEPHONY
The use of the Internet that was originally designed to carry computer data to carry voice o A packet switched network Voice was originally carried over circuit switched networks o PSTN

CONNECTING TO REGULAR PHONE To make a call from a VoIP phone to a regular phone you need a VoIP service provider(eg. Freeway Communications or Vonage) who have equipment that route the calls to the PSTN.
Switch from digital to analog

Digital

Service Provider

Analog

PSTN

ADVANTAGES USING VOIP RATHER PSTN

When you are using PSTN line, you typically pay for time used to a PSTN line manager company: more time you stay at phone and more you'll pay. In addition you couldn't talk with other that one person at a time. In opposite with VoIP mechanism you can talk all the time with every person you want (the needed is that other person is also connected to Internet at the same time), as far as you want.

ADVANTAGES USING VOIP RATHER PSTN(CONT.)

(money independent) and, in addition, you can talk with many people at the same time. talk with many people at the same time. If you're still not persuaded you can consider that, at the same time, you can exchange data with people you are talking with, sending images, graphs and videos.

SIGNALING AND MEDIA

A VoIP call is composed of two parts. 1.Signaling.- The use of signals for controlling communications. The signaling does the call set up, locate users, tear down sessions. 2.Media- After the call has been setup the media transports the voice packets

PROTOCOLS

Examples of protocols are SIP, H323In computing, a protocol is a convention or standard that controls or enables the connection, communications, and data transfer between two computing endpoints. Example TCP/IP, http, ftp. In the field of telecommunications, a communications protocol is the set of standard rules for data representation, signaling, authentication, and error detection required to send information over a channel

TYPES OF VOIP ARCHITECTURE

PC-to-PC PC-to-Phone Phone-to-Phone Note: In the above listing phones can be either analog or digital phones

ALTERNATIVE VOIP ARCHITECTURES

Phone to Internet to Gateway to PSTN

Internet
GATEWAY

PSTN

PC TO PHONE CONNECTION

Made over the Internet for connecting PC to phones Sample Product: o Net2Phone Need to pay for the calls but they are relatively inexpensive o Cheaper compared to phone to phone calls made over the Internet

ALTERNATIVE VOIP ARCHITECTURES

PC to PC

Internet

PC TO PC CONNECTION

Made over the internet for voice connection Sample product: o Net2Phone o NetMeeting Calls are free for example, MSN Messenger or Skype.

ALTERNATIVE VOIP ARCHITECTURES

Phone to Phone via the Internet

Internet

PHONE TO PHONE CONNECTION

Phone to phone calls are made over the Internet A special phone will connect to a hub or switch on the network PSTN to PSTN when the caller would use a special adaptor for his telephone for example, BT Broadband Voice or Gossiptel.

ALTERNATIVE VOIP ARCHITECTURES

PSTN to Gateway to Internet to Gateway to PSTN

Internet
GATEWAY GATEWAY

PSTN

PSTN

TYPICAL LAYOUT

ATA

VOIP PHONE

Cisco 7970 IP Phone

ALTERNATIVE VOIP ARCHITECTURES

PSTN(public switched telephone network) to Gateway to Internet to Gateway to PSTN

-Vonage Uses this Architecture

PSTN VS INTERNET
PSTN

INTERNET It uses packet switching. No dedicated path between sender and receiver.

Voice networks use circuit switching. Dedicated path between calling and Called party.

Bandwidth is It acquires and reserved in advance. releases bandwidth, as it is needed. Cost is based on Cost is not dependent distance and time. on time and distance.

MAIN REGULATORY ISSUES AROUND VOIP

Emergency calls Call interception Caller location Numbering Directory assistance & phonebooks Universal service PSTN availability

ADVANTAGES OF VOIP

Greater Efficiency Lower Cost Higher Reliability Supporting Innovation

CUSTOMER DEMANDS OF VOICE TODAY VERSUS NATIONAL SECURITY

A multitude of computers, hosts, routers, and other devices, made by multiple vendors Support network growth without regard to end-to-end planning. Support network growth without affecting the (public) Internet Support the implementation and deployment of all types of subscriber based applications without affecting the various network interconnected to the Internet.

CUSTOMER DEMANDS OF VOICE TODAY VERSUS NATIONAL SECURITY (CONT.)

Support operational flexibility. Maintain operation regardless of the network health/status of any interconnected networks. Support backward and forward compatibility. This means more than just simple network growth. The ability to maintain communications between network types regardless of the software or hardware versions in place is an enormous benefit to the users of the Internet. Adaptive/Dynamic Routing This is an important capability during these times of national security.

QUALITY OF SERVICE

QoS involves the following Subjective needs: Does the service meet the customers needs? Is the service easy to use? QoS parameters can be divided into the following categories: Availability Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF) Reliability

QUALITY OF SERVICE (CONT.)

Delay both perceived and measured Security Bandwidth Information Loss bit error rate; video and audio

THE BENEFITS OF VOICE OVER IP

Cost reduction - low cost phone calls. Convergence of data/voice networks unification. Simplification and consolidation centralized management.

CONCLUSION

As data traffic continues to increase and surpass that of voice traffic, the convergence and integration of these technologies will not only continue to improve, but also will pave the way for a truly unified and seamless means of communication. Implementing VoIP can provide significant benefits and savings to your company.

THANK YOU